Category: ABB

ABB Arc Extinguishing Principle for Arc Extinguishing Chambers

In a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, the arc starts at the moment of contact separation and is maintained until zero current is applied and may be affected by magnetic fields.

Vacuum Arc – Diffuse or contracted after contact separation, a single melting point is formed over the entire surface of the cathode, generating the metal vapour that supports the arc.

A diffuse vacuum arc is characterised by expansion of the contact surfaces and uniform distribution of thermal stresses across the contact surfaces.

At the rated current of the vacuum interrupter, the arc is always diffuse. Contact erosion is very limited and the number of current interruptions is very high.

As the value of the interrupting current increases (above the rated value), the arc changes from a diffuse to a contracting type due to the Hall effect.

Starting at the anode, the arc contracts and gradually becomes defined with further increases in current.

In the vicinity of the area in question, the temperature rises, which causes thermal stress on the contacts.

To prevent overheating and erosion of the contacts, the arc needs to remain rotating. As the arc rotates, it becomes similar to a moving conductor through which current passes.

Spiral geometry of ABB vacuum interrupter contacts

The special geometry of the helical contact generates a radial magnetic field in all areas of the arc column and concentrates it around the circumference of the contact.

Spontaneously generated electromagnetic forces acting in a tangential direction cause the arc to rotate rapidly around the contact axis.

This means that the arc is forced to rotate and involves a wider surface than a fixed contracting arc.

All this makes contact erosion negligible, except for minimising thermal stresses on the contacts.

Most importantly, the arc extinguishing process can be controlled even in the case of extremely high short circuits.

ABB vacuum interrupters are zero-current interrupters, which do not produce any re-strikes.

At zero current, the current charge is rapidly reduced and the metal vapour condenses, thus restoring the maximum dielectric strength between the interrupter contacts in microseconds.

VD4 circuit breakers have passed the following tests to ensure the safety and reliability of the equipment when used in any installation environment.

– Type tests: heating, industrial frequency withstand voltage insulation, lightning impulse withstand voltage insulation, short-time and peak withstand voltage current,

Mechanical life, short-circuit current generation and breaking capacity, no-load cable disconnection.

– Individual tests: main circuit insulation at working frequency voltage, insulation of auxiliary circuits and operating mechanisms, main circuit resistance measurement, mechanical and electrical operation.

Brief Introduction

The SPAM150C Motor Protection Relay is a general purpose combination relay designed primarily for the protection of AC motors for a variety of applications.

It combines a large number of protection functions in one unit. The relay provides a complete set of protection against motor damage caused by various electrical faults.

The relay is also suitable for other equipment requiring thermal overload protection, such as cable or power transformer feeders.

Summary of Protection Functions

The relay thermal overload unit protects the motor against short- and long-term overloads. The maximum permissible continuous load depends on the setting value 1.

Normally this setting value is taken as the rated full load current (FLC) of the motor at an ambient temperature of 40°C. The motor can be overloaded for a short period of time if the motor is not loaded.

When the motor current increases to 1.05I under the above conditions, the thermal overload unit starts after a certain delay.

If the ambient temperature of the motor is below 40°C for a long period of time, the setting value I. can be set to .05…1.10 times the full load current (FLC) of the motor. 1.10 times.

The short-time overload phenomenon mainly occurs during the starting process of the motor. The motor is normally allowed to start twice under cold conditions and once under hot conditions.

One start is permitted under hot conditions, therefore, depending on the starting time of the motor, an integrating value t determining the characteristics of the thermal overload unit can be derived.

This value can be easily determined from the time/current graph in the hot state. t curve is selected from the starting current versus the corresponding starting time (with an appropriate margin).

The t-curve is selected from the starting current versus the corresponding starting time (with an appropriate margin). Using the same value of t, the total permissible starting time of the motor under cold conditions can be found from the cold curve.

Function

– Three-phase, low-setting phase overcurrent device with timed or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT ) characteristics

– Three-phase, high setting phase overcurrent device with instantaneous or timed characteristics

Operation

– Low-level ground fault device with timed or inverse deterministic minimum time (IDMT) characteristics

– High-level ground-fault unit with instantaneous or definite-time operation

– Built-in circuit breaker fault protection

– Two heavy load relays and four signal output relays

– Matrix of output relays for routing the start or trip signals of the protection stage to the desired output relays

– Local display of measured values, set values and data recorded during faults

– Reading and writing of set values via local display and front panel pushbuttons or via the serial interface and fiber optic bus of the higher-level system

– Self-monitoring system for continuous monitoring of electronics and microprocessor operation

Microprocessor operation

– Powerful software support for relay parameterization, reading of measured and logged values, events, etc., and

Powerful software support for relay parameterization, reading of measured and recorded values, events, etc., and storage of readings

– Member of the SPACOM product family and ABB’s distribution automation system

– CE marking according to the EU EMC directive

Features

Integrated three-phase differential relay, overcurrent relay and earth fault relay

Stabilized three-phase differential relays provide winding short-circuit and turn-to-turn fault protection for two-winding transformers and generator-transformer units, and winding short-circuit protection for generators.

Earth fault protection for transformer windings on the HV and LV side according to the required principle:

Stabilized differential current principle, high impedance principle, calculated or measured residual current principle or neutral current principle

Three-stage overcurrent protection for transformer and generator as well as two-stage backup protection for earth fault protection.

Differential relays with operating characteristics that can be easily adapted to different applications Short operating times, stable operation even in the event of partial saturation of the current transformer.

Prevents unwanted operation in the event of faults and transformer inrush currents outside the protective field.

Blocking based on the ratio of the second harmonic to the fundamental component of the differential current prevents unwanted operation in the event of transformer inrush currents.

Blocking based on the ratio of the fifth harmonic to the fundamental component of the differential current prevents unwanted operation in the event of transformer overexcitation.

– If the ratio of the fifth harmonic to the fundamental component of the differential current increases at high overvoltages, this blocking condition can be eliminated

Double-winding transformer protection without transformers – digital vector group matching on HV and LV side

Wide range of CT ratio corrections – precise corrections via digital settings Sensitive phase current and phase angle displays for easy checking of measurement circuits

Size

Net weight: 5.9kg

Gross Weight: 5.9kg

Net depth/length: 435 mm

Net height: 120 mm

Net product width: 181 mm

Additional information

Frame size: Definition

Chinese name：PDB-02型

OVERVIEW

Basic Details: 3HNA023093-001 Thermocouple/mV Input Module

The 3HNA023093-001 Thermocouple/Millivolt Input Module is a module for temperature measurement that senses temperature changes via a thermocouple or millivolt signal input.

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that uses the thermoelectric effect between two dissimilar metals to measure temperature. 

When the temperature changes, the thermocouple produces a voltage signal proportional to the change in temperature.

A millivolt input module is a module capable of receiving millivolt signals that can be converted to digital signals for subsequent processing and display.

3HNA023093-001 Thermocouple/millivolt input modules typically have the following functions:

Temperature measurement: with a thermocouple or millivolt signal input, the module is able to sense temperature changes and convert them to a digital signal output.

Signal Processing: Modules may have signal processing functions such as amplification, filtering, digitisation, etc. to improve measurement accuracy and stability.

Output Interface: Modules usually have an output interface to output digital signals to other devices or systems for display, control or recording.

Please note that the above functions may vary depending on the specific model and application requirements.

Therefore, when using the 3HNA023093-001 Thermocouple/Millivolt Input Module, it is recommended that you refer to its official documentation or contact the manufacturer for accurate and detailed functional information.

The 3HNA023093-001 Thermocouple/Millivolt Input Module works as follows:

A thermocouple is made by connecting one end of two different metallic materials together and connecting the other end to one of the terminals above, and then using a voltmeter to measure the voltage at the ends of the terminals, which can usually be measured as a small voltage value.

If the two wires are made of different materials, such as a copper wire and a wire, because the thermal conductivity effect of the two wires is not the same, and the temperature of the cold end of the two wires is not the same, which means that the number of free electrons is not the same, at this time, the voltmeter can measure the voltage value.

The 3HNA023093-001 thermocouple/millivolt input module is an ABB branded product for temperature measurement and conversion.

It measures the temperature directly and converts the temperature signal to a thermodynamic force signal, which is then converted to the temperature of the measured medium by means of an electrical instrument (secondary instrument).

Technical

Function: PROFIBUS slave. 8 DI: 24VDC. 8 DO: 24VDC 0.5A. 8 configurable DI/DO: 24VDC 0.5A

Number of Hardware Interfaces: Industrial Ethernet 0

Other 0

Parallel 0

RS-232 0

RS-422 0

RS-485 1

Serial TTY 0

USB 0

Wireless 0

Analog Inputs: 0

Analog Outputs: 0

Number of Digital Inputs: 8

Number of Digital Outputs: 8

Number of Digital Configurable I/Os: 8

Input Voltage Type: DC

Input Voltage (Uin): 24 V DC

Input Current: 5 mA

Delay Time (τ): 0.1 … 32 ms

Output: Transistor

Output Voltage Type: DC

Output Current: 0.5 A

Output Voltage Maximum: 20.4 … 28.8 V

Degree of Protection: IP20

Supply Voltage: 20.4 … 28.8 V DC

Additional Information

Product Main Type: CI542

Product Name: Distributed Automation I/Os

Classifications

eClass: 27-24-26-07

ETIM 8: EC001604 – Fieldbus, decentr. periphery – communication module

UNSPSC: 32151705

Environmental

SCIP: 233d78fe-0930-4291-82c6-6b1e1cc69d44 Germany (DE)

WEEE B2C / B2B: Business To Business

WEEE Category: 5. Small Equipment (No External Dimension More Than 50 cm)

The CPU board contains the microprocessor and RAM memory, a realtime clock, LED indicators, INIT push button, and a CompactFlash interface.

The base plate of the PM864A controler has two RJ45 Ethernet ports(CN1, CN2) for connection to the Control Network, and two RJ45 serial ports (COM3, COM4).

One of the serial ports (COM3) is an RS232C port with modem control signals, whereas the other port (COM4) is isolated and used for the connection of a configuration tool. The contro ler supports CPU redundancy for higher availability (CPU, CEX-Bus, communication interfaces and S800 I/O).

Simple DIN rail attachment / detachment procedures, dcs-sis.com using the unique slide & lock mechanism. Al base plates are provided with a unique Ethernet address which provides every CPU with a hardware identity. The address can be found on the Ethernet address label attached to the TP830 base plate.

Features and Benefits

. High reliability and simple troubleshooting procedures

. Modular, progressively expandable

. IP20 rated protection, no enclosure required

. Control panel configurable with 800xA control generator .

. Controller is EMC certified .

. Splitting the CEX-Bus with a Pair of BC810s .

. Hardware based on optimal communication connection standards (Ethernet, PROFIBUS DP, etc.) .

. Built-in redundant Ethernet communication ports

The AC 800M is a family of rail-mounted modules consisting of CPUs, communication modules, power supply modules and various accessories.

A variety of CPU modules are available, ranging from medium processor power and low cost to high processor power and supporting full redundancy.

For the latest information on AC 800M hardware, visit our Hardware Selector.

In the selector, you can compare different communication modules, S800 IO modules, module termination units, AC 800M controllers, dcs-sis.com power supplies, voters, panels, and print your own pdf file.

The FOUNDATION Fieldbus Linking Device LD 800HSE EX is registered according to class 42c of the HSE profile, therefore providing the following functions:

• Identification of devices connected to the H1 links 

• Configuration of connected H1 devices through System Management and Network Management via HSE 

• Access to the function blocks of connected H1  devices via HSE 

• Republishing of process data between H1 links 

• Republishing of process data from H1 to HSE and vice versa 

• Distribution of alarms and events sent by H1 devices

In each of the four H1 channels the Linking Device operates as the Link Master as well as the SM Time Publisher.

Function

LD 800HSE EX is a highly compact gateway between four FF H1 links and FF HSE suited for redundant use. The linking device meets protection class IP20 and is DIN rack mountable. It is powered by 24 Vdc and supports Ethernet 10 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s.

General

 • Linking device according to class 42c of FF HSE profile

 • Connects up to four H1 links to an HSE subnet

 • Certified for decentralized installation in hazardous areas Zone 2 / Division 2- cULus  Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C, D- IECEx   Ex nA IIC T4 Gc- ATEX     II 3G Ex nA IIC T4 Gc

 • G3 coated acc. to:- ANSI/ISA7104- EN 60068-2-60 Gateway

 • Identification of devices connected to the H1 links

 • Configuration of connected H1 devices through System Management and Network Management via HSE

 • Access to the function blocks of connected H1 devices via HSE

 • Republishing of process data between H1 links

 • Republishing of process data from H1 to HSE and vice versa

 • Distribution of alarms and events sent by H1 devices

 HSE

– System Management Agent

– Network Management Agent

– Server providing object access to H1 devices

– Publishing/Subscribing of process data dcs-sis.com from/ to H1 devices

– Distribution of alarms and events sent by H1 devices

– Time synchronization via SNTP

– IP address configurable via integrated web server

Relion® reliability, safety and dependability

The REF615 is a specialised feeder relay, perfectly matched for the protection, control, measurement and monitoring of utility substations and industrial power systems.

The REF615 is a member of the ABB Relion® family and part of its 615 protection and control product range.The 615 series of ANSIs is characterised by compactness and design flexibility.The 615 series has been designed from the ground up to unlock the full potential of the IEC 61850 standard for communication and interoperability of substation automation equipment.

Scope

Feeder protection for overhead lines, cable feeders dcs-sis.com and busbar systems in distribution substations

Key Benefits

Maximises capital by keeping assets working longer in designs that require less equipment and space

Reduce hazards and increase safety through safety-conscious design

Increase reliability by maintaining critical operations with consistent, high-quality power every minute of every day

Lower operating costs through effective energy management and maintenance strategies

More flexible system upgrades without rewiring or replacing components

Easy integration with non-proprietary IEC 61850 communications

Key Features

Pull-out design

Fault detection (CFD) for underground and overhead cables

High impedance (HIZ) fault detection

Arc Flash Detection (AFD)

Ring lug terminals for all inputs and outputs

Large, easy-to-read LCD